Under what conditions do aflatoxin-producing fungi thrive?

Aflatoxin-producing fungi, primarily Aspergillus species, thrive in hot and humid conditions. These fungi are often associated with decaying vegetation and agricultural products, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Warm temperatures, typically in the range of 75°F to 90°F (24°C to 32°C), and high humidity provide an ideal environment for their growth and reproduction.

In humid conditions, the moisture content in foods and grains increases, allowing these fungi to develop and produce aflatoxins, which are toxic and can pose serious health risks. This thrives particularly well in stored grains, nuts, and seeds, especially if they are kept in conditions that are warm and humid over time.

The other conditions listed, such as cold, dry, low-oxygen, and high-altitude environments, do not favor the growth of aflatoxin-producing fungi. In colder or dryer climates, the growth of these fungi is significantly inhibited because the necessary moisture and warmth required for their proliferation are lacking. Similarly, low-oxygen and high-altitude conditions do not create the right environment for the fungi to thrive, as they require specific climatic conditions to produce aflatoxins effectively.