What is the safest way to thaw frozen food?

Thawing frozen food in the refrigerator is the safest method because it maintains a consistent and safe temperature throughout the thawing process. The refrigerator keeps the food at or below 40°F, which prevents the growth of harmful bacteria that can thrive at warmer temperatures. This method allows the food to thaw gradually and safely, ensuring it remains within a safe temperature range.

Thawing at room temperature poses risks since the outer layers of the food can reach temperatures above 40°F while the inside is still frozen, creating a perfect environment for bacteria to multiply. While using a microwave can be safe for immediate cooking afterward, it can also heat unevenly or partially cook the food, which is not always recommended for safety. Thawing under hot running water can bring food into the danger zone of temperature (40°F to 140°F), increasing the risk of bacterial growth. Therefore, using the refrigerator is the most effective and reliable method to ensure food safety during the thawing process.